Surveying
Knowledge of basic surveying principles, instruments, measurements, field procedures, and applications.
Construction Materials
Understanding of cement, aggregates, bricks, stones, concrete, steel, and other materials.
Building Construction
Foundations, walls, floors, roofs, and construction practices for buildings.
Estimating and Costing
Understanding of quantity estimation, BOQ, specifications, measurement, valuation, and construction costing.
Road Transportation
Road alignment, pavement types, drainage, and traffic control basics.
Water Supply
Water sources, demand, treatment, and distribution networks.
Irrigation
Irrigation methods, canal systems, and water requirements of crops.
Sanitation
Sewage, drainage, and waste disposal for healthy communities.
Construction Management
Site organisation, scheduling, safety, and quality control.
Earthquake-Resistant Construction
Seismic design principles, detailing, and building code requirements.